Glossary:
The Same-Origin Policy is the security feature in web browsers that disables cross-domain communication over HTTP. It prevents websites from running malicious scripts on other websites. But it also blocks the web browser from accessing the GPU hardware inside the computer that’s running the server.
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The Variable is the container that’s used to store different types of values. It can assign or update a value by placing an equals sign between the specified variable name and value without a space around it. It can also reference the stored value by placing a dollar sign in front of the existing variable name.
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The Environment Variable is a variable that’s automatically created and maintained by the computer. It helps the system know where to install files, find programs, and check for user and system settings. It can also be used by graphical and command-line programs from anywhere on the computer.
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OpenSSL is a program that helps applications identify website owners and protect sensitive data from attackers. It’s mostly used to generate private keys, certificate signing requests, and self-signed SSL certificates. It’s also used to install SSL certificates and validate SSL certificate information.
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The Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is the security protocol that adds a layer of protection to sensitive data using key pairs. It stores the private key on the server and distributes the public key to web browsers. It uses the keys to establish an encrypted connection between the web browser and the server.
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The Self-Signed SSL Certificate is an identifying certificate that’s verified by the person or company that made it instead of a certificate authority. It has the same protection as a certificate that’s signed by a certificate authority but it can be used to impersonate a website and intercept sensitive data.
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Token-based Authentication is a practice that’s used to authorize users that attempt to access the server using a token that’s provided by the server. It creates a token and only grants access to users that have that token. It also allows web browsers to store and reuse the token until the server is reset.
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Password-based Authentication is a practice that’s used to authorize users that attempt to access the server using a password that’s provided by the user. It hashes and stores the password and only grants access to users that have that password. It also lets web browsers store and reuse the password.
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Hashing performs a one-way transformation on the password that’s almost impossible to reverse. It turns the password into a short string of letters and numbers using a hashing algorithm. This makes it harder for attackers that obtain a hashed password because they need to decode it for it to be useful.
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The Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol is an internet protocol suite that enables computers to exchange information over the internet. It defines how the information is broken down into packets, addressed, sent, routed, received, and reassembled successfully without errors or omissions.
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The Packet is a small piece of data that’s been broken down to send over the internet. It contains two portions which includes the actual data that’s sent and the metadata that’s used to send, receive and reassemble it. It also gets sent through a mixture of whatever routes and file orders are most efficient.
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The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a protocol that breaks data into packets to be sent over the internet. It numbers the packets and reassembles them in order before handing them off to the TCP of the recipient computer. It also checks for errors, omissions, and requests missing data to be resent.
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The Internet Protocol (IP) is a protocol that delivers packets over the internet using an IP address. It assigns a unique IP to every device that’s connected to the internet which allows it to send and receive packets. It also addresses and routes the packets from the source device to the destination device.
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